Lesson 04 | Machinery

Ship propulsion machinery and shaft line

Follow the mechanical path from a low-speed main engine to the propeller, then separate torque transmission, thrust transfer, shaft support, watertight passage, and steering into their correct functions.

18-minute lesson Propulsion arrangement Source propeller and rudder geometry

Learning outcomes

  • Place the main engine, thrust bearing, intermediate shafting, stern tube, and propeller in the correct order.
  • Explain the difference between transmitting torque, supporting shaft weight, and transferring axial thrust.
  • Recognise that the rudder steers the ship but is not part of the torque-transmission chain.

Follow the centreline aft

ComponentPrincipal function3D location
Main propulsion engine Produces shaft torque in the training-model low-speed two-stroke arrangement. Open
Thrust bearing Transfers axial propeller thrust from shafting into the ship structure. Open
Propulsion shafting Transmits torque between engine and propeller. Open
Line-shaft bearing Supports and aligns the intermediate shaft. Open
Stern tube Provides the watertight structural passage for the shaft through the stern. Open
Propeller and rudder The propeller generates thrust; the rudder develops steering force. Open

Power, support, thrust, and steering

Torque follows the shaft line

The main engine turns the shafting, and the shafting turns the propeller. Intermediate and line-shaft bearings maintain alignment and support radial load. Their foundations transfer those loads into the surrounding hull structure.

Thrust must enter the hull

Propeller action creates an axial force along the shaft line. The thrust bearing transfers that force into a foundation and then into the ship structure. It therefore has a different function from a bearing that mainly supports shaft weight.

The stern tube protects the hull boundary

The shaft must pass through the watertight stern. The stern tube forms that structural passage and, in an actual vessel, incorporates bearing and sealing arrangements selected for the specific shaft line. Outside the hull, the propeller works ahead of the rudder in this single-screw arrangement.

Check your understanding

What transfers propeller thrust into the ship structure?

The thrust bearing and its foundation transfer axial propeller thrust from the shaft line into the hull structure.

What is the stern tube?

It is the watertight structural tube through which the propeller shaft passes at the stern, with bearings and seals in a real installation.

Does the rudder transmit engine power?

No. Shafting transmits torque to the propeller; the rudder changes water-flow direction to create steering force.

Evidence and further study